Daisy
Administrator foruma
Pridružen/-a: 25.01. 2007, 16:15
Prispevkov: 1286
Kraj: Ljubljana
|
 Objavljeno: 18 Maj 2010 18:25 Naslov sporočila: Sestavine nekaterih tablet s ščitničnimi hormoni |
 |
|
Sestavine nekaterih tablet s ščitničnimi hormoni:
EUTHYROX :
Levotiroxin-sodium
Akacijev prah
Confectioner’s sugar..
Lactose monohydrate
Magnesium stearate
Povidone
Talc
FD&C barvilo No ...… (odvisno od vrste/barve tablete glede na “težo” – 25/50/100 itd..)
STARI ELTROXIN:
Levotiroxin-natrium
Akacijev prah
Lactose monohydrate
Magnesium stearate
Koruzni škrob
NOVI ELTROXIN:
Levothyroxine - sodium
Mikrokristalna celuloza
Magnesium stearate
Koruzni škrob –Preželiran (pregelatinised)
Talc-Purified
Silicon dioxide
LEVAXIN:
Levothyroxin-natrium
Lactose monohydrate
Magnesium stearate
Koruzni škrob
Gelatine
Talc
Levothyroxine natrium/sodium..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levothyroxine
Action And Clinical Pharmacology
Levothyroxine sodium is the monosodium salt of the levorotatory isomer of thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine), the principal hormone secreted by the normal thyroid gland.
Pharmacokinetics:
Following oral administration, the absorption of levothyroxine is incomplete and variable (50 to 75%), especially when taken with food. Once absorbed, synthetic levothyroxine is indistinguishable from the endogenous hormone.
Levothyroxine is nearly totally bound to serum proteins and has an elimination half-life of 6 to 7 days in the euthyroid subject. Half-life is shortened in hyperthyroidism and prolonged in hypothyroidism and in pregnancy. Deiodination of levothyroxine (T4) to 1-triiodothyronine (T3) occurs in various tissues, particularly liver and kidney. T3 is approximately 4 times as potent as T4 on a weight basis.
The mechanism of action of thyroid hormones is not completely understood. The principle effect is to increase the metabolic rate of body tissues. Thyroid hormones have both catabolic and anabolic effects, and are therefore involved in normal metabolism, growth, and development, especially the development of the CNS in infancy.
Magnesium Stearate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_stearate
Magnesium stearate, also called octadecanoic acid, magnesium salt, is a white substance which is solid at room temperature.
Because it is widely regarded as harmless, it is often used as a diluent in the manufacture of medical tablets, capsules and powders (E470b). In this regard, the substance is also useful because it has lubricating properties, preventing ingredients from sticking to manufacturing equipment during the compression of chemical powders into solid tablets. Magnesium stearate is the most commonly used lubricant for tablets. It is used to bind sugar in hard candies. It is also a common ingredient in baby formulas.
When used as a filling agent in the manufacture of capsules and tablets, such as vitamins, the source of this ingredient is typically bovine. However, there is an increasing number of vegetarian options in which the product specifically indicates it contains magnesium stearate from vegetable sources.
Razprava o koristnosti/škodljivosti:
http://www.thatsfit.ca/2009/04/29/magnesium-stearate-terrible-toxin-or-innocuous-additive/
Zaključek avtorja:
But alas, I have yet to find what I consider to be a truly definitive answer on the subject. I personally haven't changed my supplement taking behaviour as a result of what I've found researching this answer. Perhaps Richards sums it up best, "there is no human evidence or study that shows magnesium stearate is in any way harmful. To the contrary, its safety is well recognized throughout the industry." I leave it up to you to decide.
Lactose monohydrate
http://www.lactose.com/basic/lactose_in_solid_form.html
O tej sestavini je težko najti kaj poljudno napisanega inb uporabnega za laike… ??
..Lactose Monohydrate is a natural disaccharide,obtained from milk,which consists of one glucose and one galactose moiety…
Koruzni škrob – maize starch
To je fin, drobno mlet prah, ki ga dobimo z mletjem endosperma oziroma bele sredice koruznega zrna.
•ŠKROB (za direktno tabletiranje) Starch 1500 je fizikalno modificiran škrob, ki ima dobre pretočne lastnosti in dobro stisljivost pripravljen s fizikalnim modificiranjem koruznega škroba, ne vključuje nobenih kemičnih dodatkov ter se razlikuje od običajnega koruznega škroba po vodotopnosti in velikosti delcev.
Zanj ustreza specifikacija za Pregelatinized starch, NF.
http://www.colorcon.com/products/core-excipients/immediate-release/starch-1500/Product%20Overview
ŽELATINA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin
MIKROKRISTALNA CELULOZA
http://www.nbent.com/crosscarmellose.htm
Pridobivajo jo iz surove celuloze s segrevanjem z mineralnimi kislinami in z dodatnim mehanskim mletjem celuloznih agregatov (omejena hidroliza, polimerizacijska stopnja se zmanjša na 200-300, porast kristalinosti, ki se nanaša na porast urejenosti strukture. ) - dobro plastično preoblikovanje.
Applications: Croscarmellose sodium is used in oral pharmaceutical formulations as a disintegrant for Capsules, Tablets and Granules.
TALC – smukec
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talc
AKACIJEV PRAH – accacia gum - gumi arabicum
http://www.flaxpowder.com/acacia-powder.html
http://www.drugs.com/npp/acacia-gum.html
SILICON DIOXIDE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide
CONFECTIONER’S SUGAR
Očitno sladkor v prahu, ki se uporablja za izboljšanje okusa tabklete, nahaja se predvsem v zunanjem ovoju tablete ?
FD&C Yellow No. 6,- rumeno barvilo
http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/FD/FD_&_C_yellow_No_6.html
Dodatne info o izdelavi tablet:
Zanimiv članek o izdelavi tablet, kjer so naštete najobičajnejše dodatne sestavine :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablet
POMOŽNE SNOVI ZA TABLETIRANJE
http://www.farma-drustvo.si/gradivo_p/Farmacevtska%20tehnologija%20I/VAJE/14-Izdelava%20tablet.ppt
• POLNILA (za dopolnitev majhnih količin zd.učinkovine):
škrobi, laktoza, saharoza, mikrokristalna celuloza, celulozni etri, glukoza, natrijev klorid, PVP, alginati
• VEZIVA (za vezanje praškov v granulat ali v tableti):
koloidne raztopine škrobov, želatine, PVP, Na-alginata, celuloznih etrov;
suha veziva: PVP, mikrokristalna celuloza, CMC
• RAZGRAJEVALA (omogočajo razpad tablet):
z nabrekanjem: škrobi, alginska kislina, derivati celuloze;
z razvijanjem plinov: citronska kislina, vinska kislina, Na hidrogen karbonat, Ca karbonat
• SREDSTVA ZA DRSENJE - lubrikatorji
pravi drsljivci (za izboljšanje pretočnih lastnosti mase):
smukec, Mg-, Al-,Ca - stearat, stearinska kislina, Aerosil 200
maziva (za zmanjšanje trenja med granulatom in steno tabletirke):
stearinska kislina, silikoniziran smukec, Mg-, Al-,Ca - stearat
antiadhezivi (za preprečevanje lepljenja na pečate):
stearinska kislina, silikoniziran smukec, Mg-, Al-,Ca - stearat
• POMOŽNE SNOVI S POSEBNO VLOGO:
vlažila, pospeševala absorpcije, obloge za filmske tablete
Skombinirano iz interneta Jan.2010
_________________
Naj nam bo dan pogum, da spremenimo, kar lahko spremenimo.
Naj nam bo dana moč, da sprejmemo, kar ne moremo spremeniti.
Naj nam bo dana intuicija, da ločimo med enim in drugim. |
|
Pogosta vprašanja
Išči
Seznam članov
Skupine uporabnikov
RSS Feed
Registriraj se
Tvoj profil
Zasebna sporočila
Prijava
